America the Grand essays

America the Grand essays "The population in the prison system of the US has doubled since nineteen eighty-five." ( System of a Down, The Prison Song, Toxicity.) It is things like this that make me feel that all is not well in America at the time being. It seems that America's patriotism has come back not soon enough after the events that took place on September eleventh, 2001. Even though; our prisons are crammed tight, people die daily, and rapes and other crimes take place continuously I still feel proud to be a citizen of the good ol' USA I am so proud to be an American that I will take up arms for this country if anything were to happen. To me, life in America is beautiful. We live in a country where we have so many rights and privileges. And yet; so many people take living in America for granted. I don't think that people realize what they have been given. Since; my birth I have been able to speak my mind freely without worrying about prosecution or worrying about getting my tongue cut out of my mouth. I have lived in a country without too much racism, or terror I feel that this is because our Declaration of Independence stated that "all men are created equal" (Thomas Jefferson, Declaration of Independence) and it makes people think that if they felt this way back then, than why can't we now. The privileges that people mainly take for granted are driving. People think that it is a right and that they deserve to be able to drive the way they want to. Another privilege that people take for granted is public education. In most other countries there is public education, kids are lucky if they e ven get any sort of education at all. There is more so don't get to comfortable. Maybe, public transportation here we have free rides to school or we can pay close to nothing to ride a bus for as long as we want to. We also have access to libraries in every town. Freedom of religion is practiced in the US also. We can believe...

Free Essays on Stand Waties Confederate Indians

The Confederate Indians The American civil war was a dark chapter in America ¡Ã‚ ¦s history. It was a fight for African-American freedom in a supposedly  ¡Ã‚ §free county ¡Ã‚ ¨. Contrary to many people ¡Ã‚ ¦s beliefs, our civil war wasn ¡Ã‚ ¦t fought by the white and black Union army and the all white Confederate army. The confederates had an Indian General who also happened to be a Cherokee chief. His name was General Stand Watie. He sided with the south ¡Ã‚ ¦s cause even though it was the south who drove them from their land. General Watie and his tribesmen were very loyal to the confederate ¡Ã‚ ¦s cause. Cherokee Indian chief Stand Watie became a Confederate general officer with his Cherokee tribesmen following him from Wilson's Creek, Missouri, to the end of the war in the West. A majority of his tribe blamed him and his faction for the removal of the Cherokees along what would later be referred to as  ¡Ã‚ §The Trail of Tears ¡Ã‚ ¨. General Watie was an aristocratic, slaveholding planter and Cherokee mixed bloods. Chief Watie and the civilized tribes of Indian territory sided with the same South that had expelled them from their ancestral homelands less than 30 years before is a fascinating study in human nature. Rather than blame Southerners, the Indians directed their animosity toward the Federal government, whose intrusion was as much a continued threat in their lives as it was to Confederate states' rights. The Confederacy's inability to properly support the Five Civilized Tribes caused major dilemmas for the loyal Cherokees. Already poor in resources, the Indians often went to battle without adequate weapons, hoping to obtain battlefield residue. Watie's Indians loyally supported secession until the end, even though they were ill supplied. Unfortunately, the Indians were not only on the losing side, they were still Indians. Post-war Federal policies treated them doubly harsh. A gentleman-soldier of great character, Watie stuck by his co... Free Essays on Stand Watie's Confederate Indians Free Essays on Stand Watie's Confederate Indians The Confederate Indians The American civil war was a dark chapter in America ¡Ã‚ ¦s history. It was a fight for African-American freedom in a supposedly  ¡Ã‚ §free county ¡Ã‚ ¨. Contrary to many people ¡Ã‚ ¦s beliefs, our civil war wasn ¡Ã‚ ¦t fought by the white and black Union army and the all white Confederate army. The confederates had an Indian General who also happened to be a Cherokee chief. His name was General Stand Watie. He sided with the south ¡Ã‚ ¦s cause even though it was the south who drove them from their land. General Watie and his tribesmen were very loyal to the confederate ¡Ã‚ ¦s cause. Cherokee Indian chief Stand Watie became a Confederate general officer with his Cherokee tribesmen following him from Wilson's Creek, Missouri, to the end of the war in the West. A majority of his tribe blamed him and his faction for the removal of the Cherokees along what would later be referred to as  ¡Ã‚ §The Trail of Tears ¡Ã‚ ¨. General Watie was an aristocratic, slaveholding planter and Cherokee mixed bloods. Chief Watie and the civilized tribes of Indian territory sided with the same South that had expelled them from their ancestral homelands less than 30 years before is a fascinating study in human nature. Rather than blame Southerners, the Indians directed their animosity toward the Federal government, whose intrusion was as much a continued threat in their lives as it was to Confederate states' rights. The Confederacy's inability to properly support the Five Civilized Tribes caused major dilemmas for the loyal Cherokees. Already poor in resources, the Indians often went to battle without adequate weapons, hoping to obtain battlefield residue. Watie's Indians loyally supported secession until the end, even though they were ill supplied. Unfortunately, the Indians were not only on the losing side, they were still Indians. Post-war Federal policies treated them doubly harsh. A gentleman-soldier of great character, Watie stuck by his co...

Micro economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Micro economics - Essay Example Moreover, a shift in other variables with price as an exception would cause a shift in the whole of the demand curve. The shift in the whole demand curve can be attained to be a shift in demand. Income Certain changes or alterations in income may mean increases or decreases in demand. A commodity whose demand tends to rise with a corresponding rise in income can be called a normal commodity. A commodity whose demand falls with a corresponding increase in income can be called an inferior commodity. This means that increases in income would tend to increase the demand for the mp3 player in the market. This is hence true since this is economically measures by economic experts in the economic field. Prices of other commodities Slight alterations or changes in the pricing of other commodities may result to a rise or fall in demand. A commodity that results to a rise in demand for another commodity when its price tends to increase can be called a substitute commodity. A commodity that brin gs about a fall in demand for another commodity when its price tends to rise can be referred to as a complementary commodity. This ultimately means that, an increase in the price of the mp3 player of another manufacturer or brand, may result to a corresponding rise in the demand of the original mp3 player in question, since it may be used as a substitute for the other commodity. Even if, one takes the case of beverage giants in the name of Coke and Pepsi, one realizes that an increase in the price of Pepsi would result in the rise, in demand of Coke. This is solely because these two products can be considered to be substitutes. . Number of buyers in the market A rise in the number of buyers, both potential and current buyers, would result to a rise in the demand for the mp3 player. Demand can be mainly based on the rise of population in that area. Future pricing actions A rise in the anticipated future prices of a commodity would certainly tend to cause a rise in the current demand. A fall in the anticipated future prices of a commodity would certainly decrease the future price. So a firm must highly be considered its future pricing of the mp3 player in question. Consumer tastes and preferences Shifting of the demand curve may also arise due to changes in the consumer tastes and preferences. If the consumers’ taste changes and starts liking more of the mp3 player, there would be a consistent rise in the quantity demanded. Derived quality Shift in the demand curve can be as a result of changes in the quality derived from the mp3 player by the consumer. If commodities produced are of a higher quality than the rival commodity, then this would bring a rightward shift of the demand curve (Heigy 1945, p.453). 2. The demand and supply schedules for wheat in a free market are as follows: Price per tonne (?) 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 Tonnes demanded per week 725 700 675 650 600 550 500 425 Tonnes supplied per week 225 300 400 500 600 750 1000 1300 I. Draw and briefly comment the demand and supply curves on the following diagram II. Define what is the equilibrium price and state what the equilibrium price is from your graph ? The equilibrium price is 280. The equilibrium price from my graph is 260. III. Suppose the government fixes a maximum price of ?200 per tonne. What will be the effect? Suppose the government fixes a price ceiling of 200 per tonne, it would result to certain effects. First, a disequilibrium

Corporate strategy of pirelli Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corporate strategy of pirelli - Essay Example It is a pioneer in the field of rubber related industries. It has perused expansions in tire and telecom industry both vertically and horizontally. Pirelli generated tremendous employment opportunities ever since its inception. Even in 1872 it employed close to one thousand people, an indication of the economic contributions, since their inception. Pirelli’s growth ensured economic prosperity not only in Italy but also in other parts of the World. Pirelli expanded its business and spread prosperity by increasing the GDP of the nation’s it operates. Developed nations were more than interested to avail the services of Pirelli as it would bring economic prosperity to their nations. When an organization wants to expand, it can pursue growth strategies. Some of the growth strategies are a) Expansion through integration b) Expansion through diversification c) Expansion through cooperation. Pirelli’s expansion plans consisted of all the above mentioned options. Integration basically means combining activities on the basis of the value chain related to the present activity of the company. From rubber sheets, belts, slabs, and vulcanized products initially to making of two wheeler and four wheeler tires is an example of their vertical forward integration. Pirelli was also seen making rapid progress in its horizontal integration. Pirelli was a pioneer in diversification of its businesses. In fact, integrating in the lines of the existing business it self is an act of concentric diversification. Apart from that Pirelli started growing geographically at a rapid, yet in a systematic manner. Pirelli’s internationalization started from the beginning of 1900 onwards. Its expansion to Barcelona in Spain was followed by a similar venture in Britain in 1914, and by 1920 factories had also been set up in Brazil, Greece, Argentina, Turkey, and German is a fact of Pirelli’s clinical approach towards internationalization of their businesses. Initiatives were also made

In Libya human rights are severely violated by Moammar Gaddafi Essay

In Libya human rights are severely violated by Moammar Gaddafi - Essay Example Libya as an independent state emerged on 24th Dec 1951 through negotiation in United Nations by King Idris. Libya was proclaimed a constitutional and a hereditary monarchy under King Idris. Libya was firstly a poor state with a weak economy, but the condition immensely changed when a discovery of significant oil reserves was made in 1959.Economy boosted from a subsequent income of petroleum sales to many countries in need of oil to progress and within a span of time, Libya got recognized as one of the wealthiest country as measured by per capita GDP. King Idris ruled Libya for about 11 years after independence when he was thrown by a military coup named Col. Moammar Gaddafi in 1969 in the name of Revolutionary Command Council, who legally owned no position but ruled the state for about 42 years. Gaddafi’s regime was proceeding with a motto of unity, freedom, socialism and was taking an active part in Palestanian Arab cause, unity between Arab states and encourages domestic pol icies according to social justice. Gaddafi’s new government worked on non exploitation and on an equal distribution of wealth. In his early years Gaddafi claimed the withdrawal of all foreign military officials, along with the closure of Air base for U.S and British Military in 1970s. Afterwards, he also ordered for the expulsion of thousands of Italian residents and the closure of libraries, community centers and cultural councils operated by foreign governments. Later in late 70s his political, religious and cultural ideology which was known as Revolutionary Views were being transferred through peoples bureau and institutions operated overseas. Gaddafi ruled Libya for about 41 years in the name of democracy and equality. His son carrying the same theory said: â€Å"My father has been promoting the idea of direct democracy in Libya for almost 26 years now,† he said to New York Times reporter Craig S. Smith in December, 2004. â€Å"It’s quite rational and logic al that we have to continue in that direction.† Here one can decide the level of democracy governed by a Colonel and not letting fresh mind and blood to come with better ideas to rule the country. Gaddafi stuck to his position until the outer forces forced him to leave his governance. Gaddafi’s false democracy was a disguise of dictatorial views which he kept on imposing on civilians in the name of democratic elections. But there must be a lot good that he has done with his people for which the public was quiet and happy for about 41 years. It is undeniable that Gaddafi provided his people the best sources of income and highest per-capita income in Africa.Fight in Libya is now no more a civil war but expanded until NATO forces interfered and branched out the issue into different aspects: United States and E.U was concerned for Libya’s interest in long range ballistic missiles and other development of missiles, and both conventional weapons and weapons of mass des truction. Sanctions were also passed through International Governmental Organization to Russia to stop arms export to Libya. Human Rights were violated in Libya by Gaddafi’s regime. Peacemaking in Libya cannot be achieved until there is a close civil-military co-operation. All these issues will be analyzed and discussed further

Smoking Cessation Interventions In England Health And Social Care Essay

Smoking Cessation Interventions In England Health And Social Care Essay Smoking causes a range of health issues and diseases in people particularly Cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer and a range of other cancers, peptic ulcer and various other medical conditions. (National Health Service, 2010)The survival rates are low even after the person undergoes surgery. Post operative Complications may also develop which causes delays in recuperation and often people experience respiratory issues due to this. (National Institute of Clinical Excellence, 2010). Further, it can cause complications in pregnancy and labour among women who smoke during their pregnancy period, including ectopic pregnancy, bleeding, premature detachment of placenta and premature rapture of membranes. These women also suffer from a high risk of miscarriages in comparison to those who do not smoke. Also, the babies born to such mothers carry a lighter weight (average 200-250 gm) than women who do not smoke. (NICE, 2010). This can reduce the immunity system of children and place them at risk of developing diseases in childhood or death. It has been found that Smoking in pregnancy increases infant mortality by about 40 percent. (NICE, 2010). The number of deaths attributed to smoking were estimated to be 83,900 in adults aged 35 and above in 2008. Among these deaths, 23,200 resulted from respiratory diseases (mainly obstructive lung disease) and 37,000 accounted for cancer conditions (lung cancer, Cancer of the Oesophagus). (HSCIC, 2009) Given the varied benefits of stopping smoking and adopt healthy lifestyle, some smokers are willing to quit smoking and 70 percent of them make efforts to quit at least once in their lifetime. At present, the self reported rates of smoking in England is 21 percent among adults aged 16 and above. Despite the trends of reduction in smoking prevalence, it is still considered as a serious public health concern in England (Allender et al, 2008). NHS Stop smoking services It is reported that over two third (67%) of the smokers in the English population attempt to quit every year (ONS, 2009). However, smokers are often require to put in repeated efforts and attempts towards quitting smoking before succeeding (NHS, 2010). To support smokers who want to quit smoking and help them succeed in their quit efforts, National Health Service (NHS) founded a unique initiative program called as NHS Stop Smoking Services (NHSsss) in 1999. This national programme came into being following the White paper on Smoking kills published by Government in 1998.This policy guidance expressed strong commitment to address the serious health consequences of smoking and tackle the growing concern of rising prevalence rate of smoking in the population. It laid down plans for the development of a special national unit, Smoking Cessation Services) along with other initiatives (implementation of advertisement ban, ban of smoking at work and public places). NHSSS forms the part of th e wider Tobacco Control program run by Government to reduce the prevalence of smoking among the local population. Their primary role is to provide and deliver a high- quality clinical smoking cessation services to smokers who are motivated to quit smoking. Since its establishment, NHS Stop smoking services (SSS) have supported over two million people to quit smoking in the short run and 500,000 people to quit smoking in the long run without relapse. In total it has saved 70,000 lives uptill now. Even though smoking rates have dropped down since 1990s the progress has been slower in the last decade among the Routine and Manual workers population. It has been estimated that the dropping rate of smoking is 0.4 percent a year. (NICE, 2010). This suggests that health inequalities exist between different socio- economic groups. There have been expectations that SSS will make significant contributions in reducing the gap of smoking prevalence between these groups. This issue was taken up as one of the main priority in NHS Operating Framework and treatments and support were offered by Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) to people who were willing to stop smoking in deprived localities of England. (Low et al, 2007). However, quit rates among socially di sadvantaged groups remain low. Currently, out of the total smoking population, smoking rates among Routine and Manual workers are 26 percent. Also, the smoking rate is high among people who belong to ethnic minority groups in the UK population. Studies conducted in various ethnic minority communities have reported that people from these populations do not access the services offered by NHS SSS due to limited information about the accessibility and effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions. Thus, to maximise the potential of NHS Stop Smoking Services, a high and effective level of intervention is essential to target this public health concern and reach people from all socio economic and ethnic minority groups who are willing to stop smoking and benefit from it. NHS Stop Smoking Cessation Services- Delivering of interventions NHS Stop smoking support are offered and delivered in range of ways. The treatments are provided to people in a separately or a combined manner. Recommended treatments that have shown evidence to be effective over the years comprise (NICE, 2010): Brief interventions given by GP, nurses or other health practitioners practicing in the local community in the form of advice, self help materials or referrals for further clinical treatment. Individual Behaviour counselling in a one to one sessions Group Behaviour therapy ( Also known as Closed Groups) Pharmacotherapies ( providing alternate medications like Nicotine Replacement therapy, Buropion or Vareniclin) Self help materials (leaflets, quick kits) Telephone counselling and quitlines Media campaigns to spread awareness of smoking related ill health and interventions available to stop smoking. The sources of mass media campaigns include a combination of television, radio, newspaper advertising. Smokers who are willing to discontinue smoking are offered the above range of treatments options so that they can chose the one which suits them the most. The health professionals may provide, as appropriate, a combination of interventions that are sensitive to the needs, preferences and ethnic diversity of their local smoking population and at the same time being mindful of bridging the gap between health inequalities. These interventions are considered to be cost effective way of reducing ill health and prolonging life. So every smoker should be advised to stop smoking and offered help if they feel like wise in doing so. (NHS, 2010) All the interventions provided under Stop Smoking Services Clinics share some common properties. Such as Behavioural support offered in both individual and group therapies by health professionals and they normally advise the usage of Nicotine and Nicotine- based therapies along with it. (NHS, 2010). This clinical service is provided over multiple sessions to the smoker and a quit target date is set at a follow up of 4 weeks. Success ranges of quit rates by smokers depends upon the type of intervention received by them. Interventions that combine group support with Nicotine reduction therapy are more effective in achieving 4 weeks quit rates (71 percent) in comparison to individual support given in clinical settings. (Bauld et al, 2009). Though both types of intervention implement complimentary modes of action, the quit rates maintained over long term differ considerably. Other interventions like counselling support and information provided over quit lines, internet and mobile phones may be easily accessible by wide smoking population but may be less intensive and effective in comparison to the support given in clinical settings (NHS, 2010). Aims of this Research: This research is designed to meet the following aims: To assess the effect of the different interventions and support offered by Smoking cessation services to help achieve success rates of smoking abstinence over long period of time. To make a comparison between the studies that have evaluated the effectiveness of interventions undertaken by the smoker with the assistance of self help interventions in comparison to the clinical treatments provided under NHS stop smoking cessation services over the last decade. The comparative assessment will be done between the following: Self help materials (leaflets, information kits); Mobile phone and Web based support, Smoking Quitlines Vs Brief advice offered by GPs and other health professionals Brief GP advice + Nicotine reduction therapy, Bupropian and Vernaciline; Attending a smoking clinic and receiving Behavioural support +NRT, Bupropian and Vernaciline Highlight those interventions among the clinical and less clinical interventions which are more likely to produce successful quit rates at 4 weeks follow up. Rationale for conducting this Literature review Research Disease Burden from smoking: Smoking imposes a huge burden on the countrys economy. It imposes direct costs on National Health Service for health care and indirect costs on loss of productivity (ASH, 2010). It has been estimated that National Health Service spends approximately 2.7 billion on treatments and control this public health issue. In addition, it puts the smoker and their families and others through discomfort, pain and suffering. Among them, the cost of bereavement and consequent emotional and social distress, the payment of social security and benefits is given to the dependants of those who die as a result of smoking related disease. Also, it has been suggested that total number of deaths associated with smoking has not changed much in the last 10 years (Allender et al, 2008) Thus, given the expenditure spent by NHS in providing interventions under its National Program, it becomes highly important to deliver treatments that are evidenced based and help in maintaining consistent quit rates of between 35% and 70% in the population and meet the PSA target of reducing smoking prevalence rate by 21% or less by 2010 (NHS, 2010). This research will make a comparative assessment and provide information and insight of the effectiveness of the both highly clinical and less clinical interventions which will help in the meeting the current NHS targets for 2010. Knowledge transfer: For the purpose of achieving the third aim, the author has a personal interest in highlighting it. The author here wishes to gain wider information about the most effective smoking cessation intervention with the objective of transfer knowledge. The author of this dissertation belongs to India and she wanted to make an international comparative assessment of the effectiveness of national smoking cessation interventions between England and India. However, due to the limited published documents of current trends and related literature, it has not been possible to examine and make comparisons with India on this topic. But the author found some useful information from a national report produced under Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MOHSW, 2004) raised awareness about the widespread production, consumption and resulting impact of ill health impinging on Indian population and its economy. So the author would like to transfer knowledge by sharing the results and outcomes of this research with the health professionals with the main purpose of sensitising Indian health care system; and promoting most effective tobacco cessation interventions based on the examples of English Stop Smoking Cessation services; and minimize the economic burden on Indian government. (MOHSW, 2004) Thus, Tobacco Control programmes worldwide are designed with the aim of reducing the burden of disease, disability and death related to the consumption of tobacco. In order to determine the effectiveness of such programmes in England, it is essential to describe the smoking cessation interventions; document implementation and show results and outcomes to guage their contribution towards bringing down the smoking rate in the population. Hence, The next section, Preliminary Literature review will discuss in detail the workings of NHS Stop smoking services; different Smoking Cessation treatments, and manner of implementation with statistical facts to support their contribution in bringing down the smoking rate in English population.

Time For A Change :: Essays Papers

Time For A Change The more that I learn about fossil fuels and their effect on the environment, the more surprised I become about the state of the world we live in. It seems that we live in a time that demands instant gratification. The problem with instant gratification is that the repercussions are seldom thought about. While millions of people think nothing of driving their cars for hours a day, the effects of decades of this behavior are already manifesting themselves around the world. This is particularly true in the United States, where mass consumption of fossil fuels are propagating serious environmental hazards. Perhaps the problem that strikes me as most frightening is the problem of acid rain. The nitrogens and sulfides in fossil fuels that we burn are wrecking serious havoc on the air we breathe. It is horrifying for me to think of rain falling that contains extremely corrosive and damaging factors. If this rain has the ability to corrode buildings, monuments and stat ues, I can only imagine how its long term effects must damage organic matter (Acid Rain, March 2005). It is also difficult to predict the future of this state. Will the problem intensify with time or will the recent slew of clear air acts and proposals have a palpable effect on the air we breathe? Have we passed the point of irreversibility or can we ameliorate the problems that have building over the last decades in the golden age of fossil fuels? Despite the looming problems at hand, I can’t help but feel optimistic about the situation. Technology has gotten us into this problem, and it could very well get us out of it. One breakthrough in technology could easily reduce the incidence of pollution in the long run. With the emergence and surprising popularity of hybrid cars (Hybrid Cars, March 2005) and all the research into alternative fuels such as hydrogen, it seems that the only thing missing is the technology itself. The market is clearly there. Hybrid cars have sold an astounding already. Also, considering the unprecedented exponential rate of technological advance in the past 100 years, it seems almost inevitable that a breakthrough is just around the corner.